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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD, appear to balance brain chemicals and boost their levels. However, they don't solve the problem and will only aid in managing symptoms so long as they are taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Some children and teens who are taking stimulant medication experience a slight reduction in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, including chewable tablets with liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to improve focus. It can also lessen the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate is a proven treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The drug could cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. People who suffer from diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication because it can cause rapid increases in blood sugar. If you have any of these side effects, speak to your physician. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon that causes numbness in the fingers and feet. This is a rare, but serious side effect. It is crucial to inform your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. There is a concerns that methylphenidate can slow children's growth, however this has not been proven to be the case. If you have a child being treated with methylphenidate, be sure to keep track of his or her height and weight closely. If your child is taking chewable tablets of methylphenidate is a phenylalanine-based tablet, which is a risk for children with the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Consult your physician about a different formulation of methylphenidate if you have PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice treatment for ADHD however, certain people are not able to use them. In these cases doctors might prescribe other medications that work in a similar manner. There are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine, in addition to methylphenidate. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. They are usually taken at least three times a day However, some people might be able to take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known under the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that increases concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It is in a class of medications known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a preferred choice for both adults and children who want a different type of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. medications for adhd in adults is crucial to understand that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It can take up six weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. Additionally, you may suffer from side effects like diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However the benefits of atomoxetine far outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine in a daily dose of 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine group saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was sporadic. In a follow-up open trial that included 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants received the treatment of atomoxetine for eight weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales improving significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to a eruption. Three patients also reported transient stomach symptoms, and one reported increased fatigue. Consult your physician before you start treatment with atomoxetine regarding your medical history, including any supplements or medications you take. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medications. Tell your doctor whether any of the following conditions exist for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumour and high blood pressure heart disease or a history sudden death. You should stay clear of atomoxetine as well when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor, such isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant that is a non-stimulant, can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. It also helps to reduce impulsivity and increase focus, though it doesn't affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate dosage for you. Bupropion is available in capsules and tablets. It is crucial to follow the instructions. You might experience withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop abruptly. The usual dosage is two or three doses per day divided by 4-6 hours. The dosage can vary between 100 mg twice or three times a day to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract, and then is excreted in urine, which means it can't enter breast milk. It can, however, enter the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, making it important to monitor it frequently. In addition to reducing the symptoms of ADHD In addition, bupropion may reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from entering your brain, which helps stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if taking any other medication. It's also important to know whether you suffer from any allergies. Also, avoid caffeine or other stimulants, which could make the adverse effects more severe. A number of studies have compared bupropion to placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of them were not well-designed. Many of these studies did not include patients with psychiatric co-morbidity. The research suggests that bupropion can have an impact on ADHD. More research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as an improvement in the quality of life. Before effective treatments can be created it is crucial to gain a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the relation between different molecular pathways. It's also important to understand how anti-ADHD drugs function in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD do not work or cause adverse side effects, the doctor may consider antidepressants as a treatment. These drugs, like imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) are able to increase the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which aids in helping people focus. These are older medications which can cause serious adverse effects, so they're typically only considered after other medications have failed. The first choice of antidepressant for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for a long time, can be used in some cases. These medications are also effective in reducing neuropathic pain. They also have a second pain-relieving action that is separate from their antidepressant properties. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake and also act as lower modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in humans or animals. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Your doctor might suggest gradually lowering the dose over several weeks to minimize these effects. While not officially approved by the FDA as a treatment for adhd bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which enhances concentration. It is also believed to ease anxiety, and it can be used in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medication, however many people have found relief through herbal remedies and supplements to their diets. A diet low in fat and sugar can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Similarly, eliminating caffeine can also be helpful to some people. Discuss with your doctor any medications you or your child take as well as herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. This can help reduce unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect everyone differently, which is why it's often a process of trial and error to determine the right drug and dosage for your child or you.